Try this beautiful Problem on Trigonometry from PRMO -2018
If $x=\cos 1^{\circ} \cos 2^{\circ} \cos 3^{\circ} \ldots . \cos 89^{\circ}$ and $y=\cos 2^{\circ} \cos 6^{\circ} \cos 10^{\circ} \ldots \ldots \cos 86^{\circ},$ then what is the integer nearest to $\frac{2}{7} \log _{2}(\mathrm{y} / \mathrm{x}) ?$
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Trigonometry
Logarithm
Pre College Mathematics
Prmo-2018, Problem-14
\(19\)
Given that $x=\cos 1^{\circ} \cos 2^{\circ} \cos 3^{\circ} \cdots \cos 89^{\circ}$
\(\Rightarrow x=\cos 1^{\circ}\cos 89^{\circ}\cos 2^{\circ}\cos 88^{\circ}........\cos 45^{\circ}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\cos 1^{\circ}\sin 1^{\circ}\cos 2^{\circ}\cos 2^{\circ}........\cos 45^{\circ}\) ( as cos(90-x)=sin x)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2^{44}} (2 \cos 1^{\circ} \sin 1^{\circ}) (2\cos 2^{\circ}\sin 2^{\circ})........\cos 45^{\circ}\)
$\Rightarrow x =\frac{ \cos 45^{\circ} \cdot \sin 2^{\circ} \cdot \sin 4^{\circ} \cdots \sin 88}{ 2^{44}}$ (as sin 2x= 2 sin x cos x)
Now can you finish the problem?
Therefore we can say that
$x=\frac{1}{2^{1 / 2}} \times \frac{\sin 4^{\circ} \cdot \sin 8^{\circ} \cdots \sin 88^{\circ}}{2^{44} \times 2^{22}}$
$=\frac{\sin \left(90-86^{\circ}\right) \cdot \sin \left(90-84^{\circ}\right) \cdots \sin (90-2)}{2^{66} \cdot 2^{1 / 2}}$
$=\frac{\cos 2^{\circ} \cdot \cos 6^{\circ} \cdot \cos 86^{\circ}}{2^{133 / 2}}$
$x=\frac{y}{2^{133 / 2}}$
Can you finish the problem...?
$\frac{y}{x}=2^{133 / 2}$
$ \frac{2}{7} \log \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)=\frac{2}{7} \times \log _{2}(2)^{133 / 2}$
$=\frac{2}{7} \times \frac{133}{2}$
$=19$
Try this beautiful Problem on Trigonometry from PRMO -2018
If $x=\cos 1^{\circ} \cos 2^{\circ} \cos 3^{\circ} \ldots . \cos 89^{\circ}$ and $y=\cos 2^{\circ} \cos 6^{\circ} \cos 10^{\circ} \ldots \ldots \cos 86^{\circ},$ then what is the integer nearest to $\frac{2}{7} \log _{2}(\mathrm{y} / \mathrm{x}) ?$
,
Trigonometry
Logarithm
Pre College Mathematics
Prmo-2018, Problem-14
\(19\)
Given that $x=\cos 1^{\circ} \cos 2^{\circ} \cos 3^{\circ} \cdots \cos 89^{\circ}$
\(\Rightarrow x=\cos 1^{\circ}\cos 89^{\circ}\cos 2^{\circ}\cos 88^{\circ}........\cos 45^{\circ}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\cos 1^{\circ}\sin 1^{\circ}\cos 2^{\circ}\cos 2^{\circ}........\cos 45^{\circ}\) ( as cos(90-x)=sin x)
\(\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2^{44}} (2 \cos 1^{\circ} \sin 1^{\circ}) (2\cos 2^{\circ}\sin 2^{\circ})........\cos 45^{\circ}\)
$\Rightarrow x =\frac{ \cos 45^{\circ} \cdot \sin 2^{\circ} \cdot \sin 4^{\circ} \cdots \sin 88}{ 2^{44}}$ (as sin 2x= 2 sin x cos x)
Now can you finish the problem?
Therefore we can say that
$x=\frac{1}{2^{1 / 2}} \times \frac{\sin 4^{\circ} \cdot \sin 8^{\circ} \cdots \sin 88^{\circ}}{2^{44} \times 2^{22}}$
$=\frac{\sin \left(90-86^{\circ}\right) \cdot \sin \left(90-84^{\circ}\right) \cdots \sin (90-2)}{2^{66} \cdot 2^{1 / 2}}$
$=\frac{\cos 2^{\circ} \cdot \cos 6^{\circ} \cdot \cos 86^{\circ}}{2^{133 / 2}}$
$x=\frac{y}{2^{133 / 2}}$
Can you finish the problem...?
$\frac{y}{x}=2^{133 / 2}$
$ \frac{2}{7} \log \left(\frac{y}{x}\right)=\frac{2}{7} \times \log _{2}(2)^{133 / 2}$
$=\frac{2}{7} \times \frac{133}{2}$
$=19$
